1. Fossils are the remains of

2. Embryological support for evolution given by Ernst Haeckel includes the

3. Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution  and divergent evolution?

Convergent evolution                                                                   Divergent evolution

(a) Eyes of Octopus and mammals                                            Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates

(b) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita          Wings of butterflies and birds

(c) Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates                                         Wings of butterfly and birds

(d) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita          Eyes of Octopus and mammals

4. In the animals, the same structures developed along the different directions due to the adaptations to different needs. This is called

5. Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option.

6. The wings of a bird and the wings of an insect are

7. The eyes of Octopus and eyes of cat show different patterns of structures, yet they perform similar function. This is an example of

8. England in 1850s, i.e. before industrialisation set in, it was observed that there were more white-winged moths on trees than dark-winged ore melanised moths. However, in the collections carried out from the same area, but after industrialisation, i.e., in 1920, there were more dark-winged moths in the same area, i.e. the proportion was reversed.

predict the possible reason for such change.

9. Evolution is

10. The process by which different type of finches were evolved in Galapagos islands is a consequence of

11. Which one of the following aspects of evolution is shown by Darwin's finches ?

12. Australian marsupials are the example of

13. When more than one adaptive radiation appeared to have occurred in an isolated geographic area, it is

14. Identify what the given diagram indicates ?

15. The classical example of adaptive radiation in development of new species is

16. Example of convergent evolution is

17. Which of the following is not an examples of adaptive radiation ?

18. In Australia, marsupials and placental mammals have evolved to share many similar characteristics. This type of evolution may be referred to as

19. Darwinian fitness can be estimated by

20. Lamarck's theory of evolution is also known as

21. Direction : In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is given  followed by corresponding statement of Reason (R) Of the statements, mark the correct answer as

Assertion (A) Ernst Haeckel supported the embryological similarities as an evidence of evolution.

Reason (R) The embryos of all vertebrates including humans develop a row of vestigial gill slits which are absent in adult vertebrates

22. Direction : In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is given  followed by corresponding statement of Reason (R) Of the statements, mark the correct answer as

Assertion (A) Whales and mammals share similarities in the pattern of bones of forelimbs.

Reason (R) These organism suggest occurrence of divergent evolution.

23. Which of the following statements are correct?

I. Wings of insects and birds are homologous organ.

II. Wings of bats and birds are homologous organ.

III. Wings of insects and bats are analogous.

IV. Wings of insects and birds are analogous.

Choose the correct option

24. Choose the correct statements with reference to organic evolution.

I. Flippers of whale and wings of bat exhibit analogy.

II. Wings of butterfly and wings of bird exhibit homology.

III. Organs with dissimilar structure are called analogous organs.

IV. Organs with similar structure are called homologous organs.

25. Mark the correct statements.

I. Karl Ernst von Baer noted that embryo never pass through adult stage of other animals thus discarded Ernst Haeckel's embryological support for evolution.

II. Homology  in vertebrate brain indicates common ancestry.

III. Theory of acquired character was given by de Vries.

IV. After industrialisation, the white moth population decreased due to predators.

The correct option is